Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the by-products of cell's metabolism. They can lead to DNA, protein and even cell's organelles damaging.
However, cell does have a protection against ROS - robust pathways for maintaining intracellular homoeostasis. First, ROS will face with the one of the superoxide dismutases, for example, SOD2. SOD2 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that converts the superoxide anion (O2-) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is in turn, converted to molecular oxygen and water by catalase and peroxiredoxins.
It was shown that normal ageing in mice accompanied by impaired mitochondrial complex II activity. The similar phenotype was observed in mice with shut downed SOD2 gene: such mice exhibit significant epidermal thinning. This is caused by decreased cellular proliferation in the senescent skin tissue.
However, cell does have a protection against ROS - robust pathways for maintaining intracellular homoeostasis. First, ROS will face with the one of the superoxide dismutases, for example, SOD2. SOD2 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that converts the superoxide anion (O2-) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is in turn, converted to molecular oxygen and water by catalase and peroxiredoxins.
It was shown that normal ageing in mice accompanied by impaired mitochondrial complex II activity. The similar phenotype was observed in mice with shut downed SOD2 gene: such mice exhibit significant epidermal thinning. This is caused by decreased cellular proliferation in the senescent skin tissue.
Yet, the link between SOD2 gene and skin ageing does not seem to be direct: heterozygous for SOD2 mice shows DNA damage andpredisposition to cancer, but without any impact on the lifespan.
Source: Aging
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